RHS ESSENTIAL
How to improve your marks
Tip #3:Talk to your teachers
Your teachers know you best, so it’s worth talking to them when you’re drawing up a plan of action for improving your grades. Ask them where they think you need to improve, and they’ll probably have some advice on how you can go about it. Coupled with the advice in the rest of this article, this should allow you to tailor an action plan to your personal situation.
https://www.oxford-royale.com/articles/improve-underperforming-grades/
TODAY'S BIRTHDAYS:
Daniel Diale (Grade 9)
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2008: Nelson Mandela receives the Freedom of the City of Tshwane
1991: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, former African National Congress Women League president and Deputy Minister of Arts and Culture, was found guilty on four charges of kidnapping and four of being an accessory after the fact to assault.
1989: Mayor of Welkom, in the Free State, is tarred and feathered
1980: Nelson Mandela is visited on Robben Island by Helen Suzman for an hour
1950: American musician Stevie Wonder, a child prodigy who developed into one of the most creative musical figures of the late 20th century, was born in Saginaw, Michigan.
1940: British politician Winston Churchill faced the House of Commons for the first time as prime minister and told the members that “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.
Why is Friday the 13th unlucky? Meaning of superstitious day explained - and what is triskaidekaphobia?
One popular theory behind why Friday the 13th is thought to be with the fall of the Knights Templar, a group of legendary warriors
Rhona Shennan
Each year, at least once, Friday the 13th makes an appearance on our calendars - and for some, the date spells nothing but bad news.
For many around the world, Friday the 13th is considered a very unlucky day.
While the date can occur up to three times in a single year, 2022 only has one Friday the 13th, F, which is good for those with a fear of the number 13.
But where does the superstition around this particular date come from? This is what you need to know.
Why is Friday the 13th considered unlucky?
There are a number of theories around why Friday the 13th is considered such an unlucky date.
One of the most popular ones regarding superstition connects the date of Friday the 13th with the demise of the Knights Templar.
Hundreds of Knights Templar were arrested on Friday 13 October 1307, by King Philip IV of France.
1314, Jacques de Molay (c. 1244 - 1314), the 23rd and Last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is led to the stake to burn for heresy. He is shouting to Pope Clement and King Philip that they will face 'a tribunal with God' within a year. They both died soon (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)History states: “Founded around 1118 as a monastic military order devoted to the protection of pilgrims travelling to the Holy Land following the Christian capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade, the Knights Templar quickly became one of the richest and most influential groups of the Middle Ages, thanks to lavish donations from the crowned heads of Europe, eager to curry favour with the fierce Knights.
“By the turn of the 14th century, the Templars had established a system of castles, churches and banks throughout Western Europe. And it was this astonishing wealth that would lead to their downfall.”
In a bid to overtake the money, land and power from the Knights Templar, King Philip IV of France ordered their arrest.
The Knights Templar were brutally tortured, kept in isolation and fed only scraps and water.
What are some other theories?
Another popular theory regarding the unluckiness of Friday the 13th is attributed to the story of Jesus’s last supper and his crucifixion. Leonardo da Vinci’s painting of the Last Supper presents 13 people in the Upper Room on the 13th of Nisan Maundy Thursday, the night before Jesus’s death on Good Friday.
Judas, who betrayed Jesus, is also thought to have been the 13th guest to sit at the table.
Visitors watch “The Last Supper” (Il Cenacolo or L’Ultima Cena), Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci’s late 15th-century mural painting housed by the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria Delle Grazie in Milan, on February 10, 202 (Photo by MIGUEL MEDINA/AFP via Getty Images)
Additionally, the connotations of Friday the 13th being unlucky could be traced back to a novel by Thomas W Lawson called Friday, the Thirteenth, which was published in 1907.
The story tells the tale of a banker who uses superstition around Friday the 13th to create a Wall Street panic on that very date.
In the 1869 biography of Italian composer Gioachino Rossini, who died on Friday 13 November, by Henry Sutherland, it is documented that the composer regarded Friday as an unlucky day and the 13th as an unlucky number.
What is triskaidekaphobia?
Triskaidekaphobia is the irrational fear of the number 13.
Triskaidekaphobia.info explains: “Most people with triskaidekaphobia have an immersive and ongoing phobia/fear of the number 13.
“The premise of phobia or fear of the number 13 is usually challenging to explain, but in some cases, its causes are linked to panic-related experiences or genetic conditions.
The 13th Club Meet For Lunch In London. The 13 members of the famous 13th Club held a dinner or luncheon on the 13th of each month, their special joy is when Friday falls on the 13th.
“Fear of the number 13 can be handled by a psychologist using exposure therapy in combination with drugs.”
The word has Greek origins, with tris meaning three, kai meaning and, Deka meaning 10 and phobia meaning fear.
Paraskevidekatriaphobia refers to the specific fear of Friday the 13th, not just the number 13.
Do we see triskaidekaphobia in everyday life?
While you may not have thought about it before, the superstition regarding the number 13 can be seen in various parts of society.
Major airlines, such as Air France, Lufthansa and Ryanair, don’t have a 13th row in their places, and many hotels also don’t have room number 13, or a 13th floor.
Do you believe Friday the 13th is an unlucky day?
Lufthansa explains: “In some cultures, the number 13 is considered unlucky.
“That is why there is no row 13 in planes because we respect the superstition.
“That way nobody who thinks that the number 13 is unlucky has to sit in that row.”
Some cruise liners also don’t have a deck or floor number 13, and many restaurants don’t have a number 13 table either.
https://www.nationalworld.com/heritage-and-retro/heritage/why-friday-the-13th-unlucky-superstitious-day-explained-and-what-is-triskaidekaphobia-334519
